Jonah B. Sacha, Ph.D.

  • Professor, Oregon National Primate Research Center
  • Professor, VGTI-Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute
  • Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program, School of Medicine
  • Program in Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, School of Medicine

Biography

Dr. Sacha graduated cum laude from the University of Missouri-Columbia in 2003 with a B.A. in German and B.S. in Biology.  After receiving his Ph.D. in Medical Microbiology & Immunology from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 2007, he joined the Oregon Health & Science University with appointments in both the Oregon National Primate Research Center and the Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute in 2011. In 2023 he became Chief of the Division of Pathobiology and Immunology. He maintains a translational-focused research program that has included research on endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Yellow Fever Virus (YFV), SARS-CoV-2 (COVID19), Long COVID, Monkeypox (MPOX), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB), allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT), and re-emerging pathogens like Oropouche Virus (OROV). 

Education and training

  • Degrees

    • B.S., 2003, University of Missouri
    • Ph.D., 2007, University of Wisconsin

Memberships and associations:

  • Member, American Society of Microbiology
  • Member, Society for Leukocyte Biology
  • Member, International AIDS Society
  • Member, American Society of Hematology

Areas of interest

  • T cell Biology
  • Retroviruses
  • Vaccine development
  • Cell and Gene Therapy

Honors and awards

  • 2013 - Creative and Novel Ideas in HIV Research Award
  • 2011 - AIDS Vaccine Conference Scholarship Award
  • 2011 - Young Investigator Editor for AIDS Research & Human Retroviruses
  • 2008 - Nonhuman Primate Symposium Young Investigator Scholarship
  • 2008 - University of Wisconsin-Madison Vilas Travel Scholarship
  • 2007 - Keystone Symposia: HIV Vaccines Young Investigator Scholarship
  • 2003 - National Science Foundation REU Graduate Fellowship
  • 2003 - Bachelor of Science with Departmental Honors
  • 2003 - Bachelor of Science with Honors, cum laude
  • 2003 - Bachelor of Arts with Honors, cum laude
  • 1997 - Rotary International Youth Ambassador to Germany
  • 1997 - Bright Flight Undergraduate Scholarship (maintained all years at University of Missouri)

Publications

Publications

  • Liver-specific transgenic expression of human NTCP in rhesus macaques confers HBV susceptibility on primary hepatocytes

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    1. Lauren N. Rust
    2. Jochen M. Wettengel
    3. Sreya Biswas
    4. Junghyun Ryu
    5. Nadine Piekarski
    6. Sofiya Yusova
    7. Savannah S. Lutz
    8. Spandana Naldiga
    9. Brayden J. Hinrichs
    10. Michelle N. Sullivan
    11. Jamie Lo
    12. Ulrike Protzer
    13. Jeremy V. Smedley
    14. Jonah B. Sacha
    15. Carol Hanna
    16. Benjamin N. Bimber
    17. Jon D. Hennebold
    18. Benjamin J. Burwitz

  • A model of lymphocryptovirus-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in immunosuppressed Mauritian cynomolgus macaques

    PLoS pathogens
    1. Helen Wu
    2. Whitney C. Weber
    3. Courtney M. Waytashek
    4. Carla D. Boyle
    5. Jason S. Reed
    6. Katherine B. Bateman
    7. Hannah K. Fisher
    8. Yan Chen
    9. Kimberly Armantrout
    10. Tonya Swanson
    11. Christine Shriver-Munsch
    12. Mina Northrup
    13. Miranda Fischer
    14. Sreya Biswas
    15. John Templon
    16. Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari
    17. Benjamin J. Burwitz
    18. Amanda Johnson
    19. Lois Colgin
    20. Anne D. Lewis
    21. Jeremy V. Smedley
    22. Michael K. Axthelm
    23. Rebecca Skalsky
    24. Gabrielle Meyers
    25. Richard T. Maziarz
    26. Erik Mittra
    27. Melissa Berg
    28. Jeffrey J. Stanton
    29. Jonah B. Sacha

  • A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Leronlimab in Mild-To-Moderate COVID-19

    Clinical therapeutics
    1. Harish Seethamraju
    2. Otto O. Yang
    3. Richard Loftus
    4. Onyema Ogbuagu
    5. Daniel Sammartino
    6. Ali Mansour
    7. Jonah B. Sacha
    8. Sohita Ojha
    9. Scott G. Hansen
    10. Arvin Cyrus Arman
    11. Jacob P. Lalezari

  • Cytomegalovirus vaccine vector-induced effector memory CD4 + T cells protect cynomolgus macaques from lethal aerosolized heterologous avian influenza challenge

    Nature communications
    1. Daniel Malouli
    2. Meenakshi Tiwary
    3. Roxanne M. Gilbride
    4. David W. Morrow
    5. Colette M. Hughes
    6. Andrea Selseth
    7. Toni Penney
    8. Priscila Castanha
    9. Megan Wallace
    10. Yulia Yeung
    11. Morgan Midgett
    12. Connor Williams
    13. Jason Reed
    14. Yun Yu
    15. Lina Gao
    16. Gabin Yun
    17. Luke Treaster
    18. Amanda Laughlin
    19. Jeneveve Lundy
    20. Jennifer Tisoncik-Go
    21. Leanne S. Whitmore
    22. Pyone P. Aye
    23. Faith Schiro
    24. Jason P. Dufour
    25. Courtney R. Papen
    26. Husam Taher
    27. Louis J. Picker
    28. Klaus Früh
    29. Michael Gale
    30. Nicholas J. Maness
    31. Scott G. Hansen
    32. Simon Barratt-Boyes
    33. Douglas S. Reed
    34. Jonah B. Sacha

  • Effect of metabolic status on response to SIV infection and antiretroviral therapy in nonhuman primates

    JCI Insight
    1. Gabriela Webb
    2. Kristin A. Sauter
    3. Diana Takahashi
    4. Melissa Kirigiti
    5. Lindsay Bader
    6. Sarah R. Lindsley
    7. Hannah Blomenkamp
    8. Cicely Zaro
    9. Molly Shallman
    10. Casey McGuire
    11. Heather Hofmeister
    12. Uriel Avila
    13. Cleiton Pessoa
    14. Joseph M. Hwang
    15. Allyson McCullen
    16. Matthew Humkey
    17. Jason Reed
    18. Lina Gao
    19. Lee Winchester
    20. Courtney V. Fletcher
    21. Oleg Varlamov
    22. Todd T. Brown
    23. Jonah B. Sacha
    24. Paul Kievit
    25. Charles T. Roberts

  • FcRn-enhancing mutations lead to increased and prolonged levels of the HIV CCR5-blocking monoclonal antibody leronlimab in the fetuses and newborns of pregnant rhesus macaques

    mAbs
    1. Joanna Zikos
    2. Gabriela Webb
    3. Helen Wu
    4. Jason S. Reed
    5. Jennifer Watanabe
    6. Jodie L. Usachenko
    7. Ala M. Shaqra
    8. Celia A. Schiffer
    9. Koen K.A. Van Rompay
    10. Jonah B. Sacha
    11. Diogo M. Magnani

  • Human cytomegalovirus UL18 prevents priming of MHC-E– and MHC-II–restricted CD8+ T cells

    Science Immunology
    1. Daniel Malouli
    2. Husam Taher
    3. Mandana Mansouri
    4. Ravi F. Iyer
    5. Jason Reed
    6. Courtney Papen
    7. John B. Schell
    8. Teresa Beechwood
    9. Thomas Martinson
    10. David Morrow
    11. Colette M. Hughes
    12. Roxanne M. Gilbride
    13. Kurt Randall
    14. Julia C. Ford
    15. Karina Belica
    16. Sohita Ojha
    17. Jonah B. Sacha
    18. Benjamin N. Bimber
    19. Scott G. Hansen
    20. Louis J. Picker
    21. Klaus Früh

  • Immune perturbation following SHIV infection is greater in newborn macaques than in infants

    JCI Insight
    1. Mariya B. Shapiro
    2. Tracy Ordonez
    3. Shilpi Pandey
    4. Eisa Mahyari
    5. Kosiso Onwuzu
    6. Jason Reed
    7. Heather Sidener
    8. Jeremy Smedley
    9. Lois M. Colgin
    10. Amanda Johnson
    11. Anne D. Lewis
    12. Benjamin Bimber
    13. Jonah B. Sacha
    14. Ann J. Hessell
    15. Nancy L. Haigwood

  • Immune restoration by TIGIT blockade is insufficient to control chronic SIV infection

    Journal of virology
    1. Gabriela M. Webb
    2. Cleiton T. Pessoa
    3. Allyson J. McCullen
    4. Joseph M. Hwang
    5. Matthew C. Humkey
    6. Raymond Thormin-Odum
    7. Kaitlyn A. Kukula
    8. Jeremy Smedley
    9. Miranda Fischer
    10. Joseph Sciurba
    11. Rachele M. Bochart
    12. Christine Shriver-Munsch
    13. Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu
    14. Jonah B. Sacha

  • KDM5A/B contribute to HIV-1 latent infection and survival of HIV-1 infected cells

    Antiviral Research
    1. Tai Wei Li
    2. Youngmin Park
    3. Emily G. Watters
    4. Xu Wang
    5. Dawei Zhou
    6. Guillaume N. Fiches
    7. Zhenyu Wu
    8. Andrew D. Badley
    9. Jonah B. Sacha
    10. Wen Zhe Ho
    11. Netty G. Santoso
    12. Jun Qi
    13. Jian Zhu

  • Sequence Analysis of microRNAs Encoded by Simian Lymphocryptoviruses

    Viruses
    1. Yan Chen
    2. Devin N. Fachko
    3. Helen L. Wu
    4. Jonah B. Sacha
    5. Rebecca L. Skalsky

  • Viral escape mutations do not account for non-protection from SIVmac239 challenge in RhCMV/SIV vaccinated rhesus macaques

    Frontiers in immunology
    1. Benjamin N. Bimber
    2. Justine Sunshine
    3. G. W. McElfresh
    4. Jason S. Reed
    5. Reese Pathak
    6. Katherine B. Bateman
    7. Colette M. Hughes
    8. Roxanne M. Gilbride
    9. Julia C. Ford
    10. David Morrow
    11. Jeffrey D. Lifson
    12. Jonah B. Sacha
    13. Scott G. Hansen
    14. Louis J. Picker

  • Allogeneic immunity clears latent virus following allogeneic stem cell transplantation in SIV-infected ART-suppressed macaques

    Immunity
    1. Helen L. Wu
    2. Kathleen Busman-Sahay
    3. Whitney C. Weber
    4. Courtney M. Waytashek
    5. Carla D. Boyle
    6. Katherine B. Bateman
    7. Jason S. Reed
    8. Joseph M. Hwang
    9. Christine Shriver-Munsch
    10. Tonya Swanson
    11. Mina Northrup
    12. Kimberly Armantrout
    13. Heidi Price
    14. Mitch Robertson-LeVay
    15. Samantha Uttke
    16. Mithra R. Kumar
    17. Emily J. Fray
    18. Sol Taylor-Brill
    19. Stephen Bondoc
    20. Rebecca Agnor
    21. Stephanie L. Junell
    22. Alfred W. Legasse
    23. Cassandra Moats
    24. Rachele M. Bochart
    25. Joseph Sciurba
    26. Benjamin N. Bimber
    27. Michelle N. Sullivan
    28. Brandy Dozier
    29. Rhonda P. MacAllister
    30. Theodore R. Hobbs
    31. Lauren D. Martin
    32. Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari
    33. Lois M.A. Colgin
    34. Robert F. Siliciano
    35. Janet D. Siliciano
    36. Jacob D. Estes
    37. Jeremy V. Smedley
    38. Michael K. Axthelm
    39. Gabrielle Meyers
    40. Richard T. Maziarz
    41. Benjamin J. Burwitz
    42. Jeffrey J. Stanton
    43. Jonah B. Sacha

  • Identification of Vancomycin Resistance in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two macaque species and decolonization and long-term prevention of recolonization in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis)

    Frontiers in immunology
    1. Rachele M. Bochart
    2. Kimberly Armantrout
    3. Hugh Crank
    4. Rachael Tonelli
    5. Christine Shriver-Munsch
    6. Tonya Swanson
    7. Miranda Fischer
    8. Helen Wu
    9. Michael Axthelm
    10. Jonah Sacha
    11. Jeremy V. Smedley

  • Therapeutic neutralizing monoclonal antibody administration protects against lethal yellow fever virus infection

    Science translational medicine
    1. Michael J. Ricciardi
    2. Lauren N. Rust
    3. Pedreño Lopez Nuria
    4. Sofiya Yusova
    5. Sreya Biswas
    6. Gabriela M. Webb
    7. Lucas Gonzalez-Nieto
    8. Thomas B. Voigt
    9. Johan J. Louw
    10. Fernanda D. Laurino
    11. John R. DiBello
    12. Hans Peter Raué
    13. Aaron M. Barber-Axthelm
    14. Kimberly Chun
    15. Samantha Uttke
    16. Lidiane M.S. Raphael
    17. Aaron Yrizarry-Medina
    18. Brandon C. Rosen
    19. Rebecca Agnor
    20. Lina Gao
    21. Caralyn Labriola
    22. Michael Axthelm
    23. Jeremy Smedley
    24. Justin G. Julander
    25. Myrna C. Bonaldo
    26. Laura M. Walker
    27. Ilhem Messaoudi
    28. Mark K. Slifka
    29. Dennis R. Burton
    30. Esper G. Kallas
    31. Jonah B. Sacha
    32. David I. Watkins
    33. Benjamin J. Burwitz

  • Vector-Mediated Delivery of Human Major Histocompatibility Complex-I into Hepatocytes Enables Investigation of T Cell Receptor-Redirected Hepatitis B Virus-Specific T Cells in Mice, and in Macaque Cell Cultures

    Human Gene Therapy
    1. Julia Festag
    2. Marvin M. Festag
    3. Theresa Asen
    4. Jochen M. Wettengel
    5. Martin A. Mück-Häusl
    6. Shaheed Abdulhaqq
    7. Christiane Stahl-Hennig
    8. Jonah B. Sacha
    9. Benjamin J. Burwitz
    10. Ulrike Protzer
    11. Karin Wisskirchen

  • Cytomegalovirus-vaccine-induced unconventional T cell priming and control of SIV replication is conserved between primate species

    Cell Host and Microbe
    1. Daniel Malouli
    2. Roxanne M. Gilbride
    3. Helen L. Wu
    4. Joseph M. Hwang
    5. Nicholas Maier
    6. Colette M. Hughes
    7. Daniel Newhouse
    8. David Morrow
    9. Abigail B. Ventura
    10. Lynn Law
    11. Jennifer Tisoncik-Go
    12. Leanne Whitmore
    13. Elise Smith
    14. Inah Golez
    15. Jean Chang
    16. Jason S. Reed
    17. Courtney Waytashek
    18. Whitney Weber
    19. Husam Taher
    20. Luke S. Uebelhoer
    21. Jennie L. Womack
    22. Matthew R. McArdle
    23. Junwei Gao
    24. Courtney R. Papen
    25. Jeffrey D. Lifson
    26. Benjamin J. Burwitz
    27. Michael K. Axthelm
    28. Jeremy Smedley
    29. Klaus Früh
    30. Michael Gale
    31. Louis J. Picker
    32. Scott G. Hansen
    33. Jonah B. Sacha

  • Long-term hepatitis B virus infection of rhesus macaques requires suppression of host immunity

    Nature communications
    1. Sreya Biswas
    2. Lauren N. Rust
    3. Jochen M. Wettengel
    4. Sofiya Yusova
    5. Miranda Fischer
    6. Julien N. Carson
    7. Josie Johnson
    8. Lei Wei
    9. Trason Thode
    10. Mohan R. Kaadige
    11. Sunil Sharma
    12. Majd Agbaria
    13. Benjamin N. Bimber
    14. Thomas Tu
    15. Ulrike Protzer
    16. Alexander Ploss
    17. Jeremy V. Smedley
    18. Gershon Golomb
    19. Jonah B. Sacha
    20. Benjamin J. Burwitz

  • Optimization and use of near infrared imaging to guide lymph node collection in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

    Journal of medical primatology
    1. Jeremy V. Smedley
    2. Rachele M. Bochart
    3. Miranda Fischer
    4. Heidi Funderburgh
    5. Vanessa Kelly
    6. Hugh Crank
    7. Kim Armantrout
    8. Oriene Shiel
    9. Mitchell Robertson-LeVay
    10. Nikki Sternberger
    11. Brian Schmaling
    12. Sheila Roberts
    13. Vicki Sekiguchi
    14. Michael Reusz
    15. Tiah Schwartz
    16. Kimberly A. Meyer
    17. Gabriela Webb
    18. Roxanne M. Gilbride
    19. Nicholas Dambrauskas
    20. Daniela Andrade
    21. Matthew Wood
    22. Caralyn Labriola
    23. Michael Axthelm
    24. Nina Derby
    25. Ben Varco-Merth
    26. Yoshinori Fukazawa
    27. Scott Hansen
    28. Jonah B. Sacha
    29. Donald L Sodora
    30. D. Noah Sather

  • Pandemic 1918 Influenza Virus Does Not Cause Lethal Infection in Rhesus or Cynomolgus Macaques

    Journal of virology
    1. Mable Chan
    2. Meenakshi Tiwary
    3. Helen L. Wu
    4. Nikesh Tailor
    5. Robert Vendramelli
    6. Jonathan Audet
    7. Bryce M. Warner
    8. Kevin Tierney
    9. Alix Albietz
    10. Thang Truong
    11. Kaylie Doan
    12. Alexander Bello
    13. Marnie Willman
    14. Bryan D. Griffin
    15. Patrick W. Hanley
    16. Jamie Lovaglio
    17. David Safronetz
    18. Jim Strong
    19. Jonah B. Sacha
    20. Darwyn Kobasa

  • Reduced Cell Surface Levels of C-C Chemokine Receptor 5 and Immunosuppression in Long Coronavirus Disease 2019 Syndrome

    Clinical Infectious Diseases
    1. Norman B. Gaylis
    2. Angela Ritter
    3. Scott A. Kelly
    4. Nader Z. Pourhassan
    5. Meenakshi Tiwary
    6. Jonah B. Sacha
    7. Scott G. Hansen
    8. Christopher Recknor
    9. Otto O. Yang

  • Reply to Viel

    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
    1. Christopher Recknor
    2. Scott G. Hansen
    3. Norman B. Gaylis
    4. Meenakshi Tiwary
    5. Jonah B. Sacha
    6. Otto O. Yang

  • Suppression of human and simian immunodeficiency virus replication with the CCR5-specific antibody Leronlimab in two species

    PLoS pathogens
    1. Xiao L. Chang
    2. Jason S. Reed
    3. Gabriela M. Webb
    4. Helen L. Wu
    5. Jimmy Le
    6. Katherine B. Bateman
    7. Justin M. Greene
    8. Cleiton Pessoa
    9. Courtney Waytashek
    10. Whitney C. Weber
    11. Joseph Hwang
    12. Miranda Fischer
    13. Cassandra Moats
    14. Oriene Shiel
    15. Rachele M. Bochart
    16. Hugh Crank
    17. Don Siess
    18. Travis Giobbi
    19. Jeffrey Torgerson
    20. Rebecca Agnor
    21. Lina Gao
    22. Kush Dhody
    23. Jacob P. Lalezari
    24. Ivo Sah Bandar
    25. Alnor M. Carnate
    26. Alina S. Pang
    27. Michael J. Corley
    28. Scott Kelly
    29. Nader Pourhassan
    30. Jeremy Smedley
    31. Benjamin N. Bimber
    32. Scott G. Hansen
    33. Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu
    34. Jonah B. Sacha

  • Antibody-based CCR5 blockade protects Macaques from mucosal SHIV transmission

    Nature communications
    1. Xiao L. Chang
    2. Gabriela M. Webb
    3. Helen L. Wu
    4. Justin M. Greene
    5. Shaheed Abdulhaqq
    6. Katherine B. Bateman
    7. Jason S. Reed
    8. Cleiton Pessoa
    9. Whitney C. Weber
    10. Nicholas Maier
    11. Glen M. Chew
    12. Roxanne M. Gilbride
    13. Lina Gao
    14. Rebecca Agnor
    15. Travis Giobbi
    16. Jeffrey Torgerson
    17. Don Siess
    18. Nicole Burnett
    19. Miranda Fischer
    20. Oriene Shiel
    21. Cassandra Moats
    22. Bruce Patterson
    23. Kush Dhody
    24. Scott Kelly
    25. Nader Pourhassan
    26. Diogo M. Magnani
    27. Jeremy Smedley
    28. Benjamin N. Bimber
    29. Nancy L. Haigwood
    30. Scott G. Hansen
    31. Timothy R. Brown
    32. Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu
    33. Jonah B. Sacha

  • CCR5 inhibition in critical COVID-19 patients decreases inflammatory cytokines, increases CD8 T-cells, and decreases SARS-CoV2 RNA in plasma by day 14

    International Journal of Infectious Diseases
    1. Bruce K. Patterson
    2. Harish Seethamraju
    3. Kush Dhody
    4. Michael J. Corley
    5. Kazem Kazempour
    6. Jay Lalezari
    7. Alina P.S. Pang
    8. Christopher Sugai
    9. Eisa Mahyari
    10. Edgar B. Francisco
    11. Amruta Pise
    12. Hallison Rodrigues
    13. Helen L. Wu
    14. Gabriela M. Webb
    15. Byung S. Park
    16. Scott Kelly
    17. Nader Pourhassan
    18. Alina Lelic
    19. Lama Kdouh
    20. Monica Herrera
    21. Eric Hall
    22. Benjamin N. Bimber
    23. Matthew Plassmeyer
    24. Raavi Gupta
    25. Oral Alpan
    26. Jane A. O'Halloran
    27. Philip A. Mudd
    28. Enver Akalin
    29. Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu
    30. Jonah B. Sacha

  • CCR5 Receptor Occupancy Analysis Reveals Increased Peripheral Blood CCR5+CD4+ T Cells Following Treatment With the Anti-CCR5 Antibody Leronlimab

    Frontiers in immunology
    1. Xiao L. Chang
    2. Helen L. Wu
    3. Gabriela M. Webb
    4. Meenakshi Tiwary
    5. Colette Hughes
    6. Jason S. Reed
    7. Joseph Hwang
    8. Courtney Waytashek
    9. Carla Boyle
    10. Cleiton Pessoa
    11. Andrew W. Sylwester
    12. David Morrow
    13. Karina Belica
    14. Miranda Fischer
    15. Scott Kelly
    16. Nader Pourhassan
    17. Rachele M. Bochart
    18. Jeremy Smedley
    19. Christopher P. Recknor
    20. Scott G. Hansen
    21. Jonah B. Sacha

  • Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Who Received Compassionate-Use Leronlimab

    Clinical Infectious Diseases
    1. Bryant Yang
    2. Jennifer A. Fulcher
    3. Jenny Ahn
    4. Marlene Berro
    5. David Goodman-Meza
    6. Kush Dhody
    7. Jonah B. Sacha
    8. Arash Naeim
    9. Otto O. Yang

  • Cytomegaloviral determinants of CD8+T cell programming and RhCMV/SIV vaccine efficacy

    Science Immunology
    1. Daniel Malouli
    2. Scott G. Hansen
    3. Meaghan H. Hancock
    4. Colette M. Hughes
    5. Julia C. Ford
    6. Roxanne M. Gilbride
    7. Abigail B. Ventura
    8. David Morrow
    9. Kurt T. Randall
    10. Husam Taher
    11. Luke S. Uebelhoer
    12. Matthew R. McArdle
    13. Courtney R. Papen
    14. Renee Espinosa Trethewy
    15. Kelli Oswald
    16. Rebecca Shoemaker
    17. Brian Berkemeier
    18. William J. Bosche
    19. Michael Hull
    20. Justin M. Greene
    21. Michael K. Axthelm
    22. Jason Shao
    23. Paul T. Edlefsen
    24. Finn Grey
    25. Jay A. Nelson
    26. Jeffrey D. Lifson
    27. Daniel Streblow
    28. Jonah B. Sacha
    29. Klaus Früh
    30. Louis J. Picker