Stephan R. Lindner, PhD, is a health economist and an associate professor at the Center for Health Systems Effectiveness in the Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine. He also has a secondary appointment at the OHSU-PSU School of Public Health. He received his PhD from the Department of Economics at the University of Michigan. His academic research has focused on state Medicaid policy, opioid user disorder, applied econometric methods, primary care research, and health care delivery for people with disabilities.